Le Devoir ~ Québec s’inquiète du projet de dépotoir nucléaire de Chalk River

le 16 avril, 2024

« Le Québec a eu l’occasion de faire état de ses inquiétudes par rapport au projet » au sujet du projet de site d’enfouissement de déchets nucléaires à Chalk River, affirme le ministre Benoit Charette.
Photo: Francis Vachon Archives Le Devoir « Le Québec a eu l’occasion de faire état de ses inquiétudes par rapport au projet » au sujet du projet de site d’enfouissement de déchets nucléaires à Chalk River, affirme le ministre Benoit Charette.

François Carabin à Québec

Le ministre québécois de l’Environnement, Benoit Charette, a fait part au gouvernement fédéral de ses « inquiétudes » en lien avec le projet de site d’enfouissement de déchets nucléaires de Chalk River, lui demandant notamment de mieux consulter les communautés touchées.

C’est ce qu’a indiqué l’élu caquiste mardi, lors de l’étude des crédits budgétaires de son ministère, un important exercice de reddition de comptes qui se déroule annuellement à l’Assemblée nationale.

Pressé de questions par le député péquiste Pascal Paradis, M. Charette a répété ne pas avoir pris de position officielle sur le projet. Le gouvernement fédéral a toutefois été mis au courant de ses réserves. « Le Québec a eu l’occasion de faire état de ses inquiétudes par rapport au projet », a-t-il dit.

« Ce que l’on demande au gouvernement fédéral […], c’est de mieux consulter […] les communautés autochtones qui sont dans le secteur de la rivière des Outaouais. On demande au gouvernement de mieux consulter les municipalités de ce secteur-là, aussi, qui se montrent inquiètes. »

Une centaine de municipalités établies le long de la rivière des Outaouais et du fleuve Saint-Laurent, Montréal et Gatineau comprises, contestent publiquement la décision de la Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire (CCSN) d’accorder en janvier l’autorisation nécessaire à la construction d’« une installation de gestion des déchets près de la surface » sur le site des laboratoires de Chalk River, en Ontario.

La communauté anichinabée de Kebaowek est également au front pour stopper le projet, qui se situe tout près de la frontière québéco-ontarienne, en bordure de la rivière des Outaouais.

En février, Kebaowek a d’ailleurs entrepris une action en Cour fédérale pour faire annuler la décision de la CCSN. Quelques jours plus tôt, le conseiller de bande Justin Roy avait indiqué au Devoir que sa communauté avait détecté des ours noirs, des loups de l’Est, ainsi que plusieurs espèces de chauves-souris, de tortues et d’oiseaux dans le secteur englobant les installations du promoteur, Laboratoires nucléaires canadiens.

Toujours pas de prise de position

Plus tôt cette année, le ministre Charette et son collègue responsable des Relations avec les Premières Nations et les Inuit, Ian Lafrenière, avaient eu l’occasion de discuter avec la communauté. Les représentants de Kebaowek avaient incité leurs vis-à-vis à se joindre aux groupes opposés au projet.

Québec solidaire est de ceux qui demandent également que Québec se positionne en bonne et due forme. « L’opposition au projet de dépotoir nucléaire de Chalk River est trop importante pour le silence actuel de François Legault », avait soutenu en janvier le député solidaire Sol Zanetti. En février, le Parti québécois avait pour sa part déposé une motion pour dénoncer l’autorisation délivrée par la CCSN ; le gouvernement caquiste s’y était opposé.

Benoit Charette n’exclut pas de se ranger aux côtés de Kebaowek et des municipalités québécoises qui demandent l’annulation du projet. « On demande dans un premier temps que le fédéral puisse consulter les communautés, mais c’est certain qu’on fait des évaluations de notre côté. Lorsqu’on aura tranché sur un positionnement particulier, on pourra s’en reparler », a-t-il dit mardi.

Le Devoir ~ Quebec concerned about Chalk River nuclear dump project

April 16, 2024

“Quebec had the opportunity to express its concerns about the project” regarding the proposed nuclear waste landfill at Chalk River, says Minister Benoit Charette.
Photo: Francis Vachon Archives Le Devoir “Quebec had the opportunity to express its concerns about the project” regarding the proposed nuclear waste burial site at Chalk River, says Minister Benoit Charette.

François Carabinin Quebec

The Quebec Minister of the Environment, Benoit Charette, expressed to the federal government his “concerns” related to the proposed Chalk River nuclear waste landfill site, asking it in particular to better consult the affected communities.

This is what the CAQ elected official indicated on Tuesday, during the study of his ministry’s budgetary appropriations, an important accountability exercise which takes place annually in the National Assembly.

Pressed with questions by PQ MP Pascal Paradis, Mr. Charette reiterated that he had not taken an official position on the project. The federal government was, however, made aware of its reservations. “Quebec had the opportunity to express its concerns about the project,” he said.

“What we are asking the federal government […] is to better consult […] the indigenous communities in the Ottawa River sector. We are asking the government to better consult the municipalities in this sector, too, who are showing concern. »

Around a hundred municipalities along the Ottawa and St. Lawrence Rivers, including Montreal and Gatineau, are publicly contesting the decision of the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) to grant the necessary authorization for construction in January of “a near-surface waste management facility” at the Chalk River Laboratories site in Ontario.

The Anishinaabe community of Kebaowek is also at the front to stop the project , which is located very close to the Quebec-Ontario border, on the edge of the Ottawa River.

In February, Kebaowek also took action in Federal Court to overturn the CNSC’s decision. A few days earlier, band councilor Justin Roy had indicated to Le Devoir that his community had detected black bears, eastern wolves, as well as several species of bats, turtles and birds in the area encompassing the facilities of the proponent, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories.

Still no position

Earlier this year, Minister Charette and his colleague responsible for Relations with First Nations and Inuit, Ian Lafrenière, had the opportunity to speak with the community. Kebaowek representatives had encouraged their counterparts to join the groups opposed to the project.

Québec solidaire is among those who also demand that Quebec position itself in due form. “The opposition to the Chalk River nuclear dump project is too important for the current silence of François Legault  ,” supported solidarity MP Sol Zanetti in January. In February, the Parti Québécois for its part tabled a motion to denounce the authorization issued by the CNSC; the CAQ government was opposed to it.

Benoit Charette does not exclude siding with Kebaowek and the Quebec municipalities who are calling for the cancellation of the project. “We first ask that the federal government be able to consult the communities, but we are sure to make assessments on our side. When we have decided on a particular positioning, we can talk about it again,” he said on Tuesday.

Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission enabled Chalk River debacle in the making ~ Hill Times letter to the editor

Published in the Hill-Times on Mar 4, 2024

https://www.hilltimes.com/story/2024/03/04/canadian-nuclear-safety-commission-has-enabled-this-debacle-in-the-making-at-chalk-river-protesters/412986

Dear Editor

The “NSDF,” a giant, above-ground landfill beside the Ottawa River, for one million tonnes of radioactive waste, approved by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission on January 9, is a debacle-in-the-making. 

The NSDF fails to meet International safety standards according to experts who for years were in charge of the waste at Chalk River. Industry veterans say much of the waste is too long-lived for permanent emplacement in an above-ground mound.  

The facility is expected to leak during operation and break down and release its contents to the environment after 550 years, while many of the dangerous, post-fission, man-made radioactive toxins in the mound will remain hazardous for many millennia. Plutonium and other radioactive pollutants will leak into the Ottawa River that drains into the St. Lawrence River at Montreal. This leakage will contaminate drinking water for millions of Canadians. All radioactive contaminants increase risks of cancer, birth defects and genetic mutations in exposed populations. The larger the population exposed, the greater the incidence of maladies.

Ten out of 11 Algonquin First Nations that have lived in the Ottawa River watershed for millennia say they do not consent to the NSDF on their unceded territory. The Assembly of First Nations and more than 140 municipalities including Ottawa, Gatineau and Montreal have passed resolutions of concern and/or opposition to the facility.

We wonder who the beneficiaries of the NSDF would be, besides shareholders of the three multinationals involved: SNC-Lavalin (now called Atkins Réalis), and two Texas-based multinationals, Fluor and Jacobs. The three multinationals comprise the “Canadian National Energy Alliance,” contracted by the Harper government in 2015 to quickly and cheaply reduce Canada’s multibillion dollar federal nuclear waste cleanup liability.

Canada’s deficient nuclear governance regime and its “nuclear-industry-captured” regulator, the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission, have enabled this debacle-in-the-making to be taken seriously and to receive a license for construction.

Two legal challenges to the CNSC’s decision have been launched in Federal Court. More may follow if a species-at-risk permit to clearcut the NSDF site is approved .

There is a positive way forward for the Liberal government. The Federal Cabinet could request an ARTEMIS review by the International Atomic Energy Agency. ARTEMIS reviews are expert peer reviews, available to all member states of IAEA.

An ARTEMIS review could provide the Government of Canada with valuable advice about how to manage its legacy radioactive waste. Responsibility for managing this waste was handed over to profit-seeking multinationals in 2015 by the Harper government. Costs to taxpayers have ballooned since then. An ARTEMIS review could advise the Government of Canada on how to get value for money in its radioactive waste management projects while ensuring that safety is the top priority.

House of Commons e-petition 4676 calling for an ARTEMIS review garnered 3000 signatures in 30 days over the recent Christmas and New Years holiday period. The petition also called on the Government of Canada to uphold the principle, from the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, that “free, prior and informed consent” must be obtained before hazardous waste is stored in the territory of Indigenous people.

We and others have written to the Prime Minister and several Cabinet Ministers urging Cabinet to request an IAEA ARTEMIS review as soon as possible for the benefit of all Canadians and future generations.

Gordon Edwards, PhD, Montreal

Canadian Coalition for Nuclear Responsibility

Lynn Jones, MHSc, Ottawa

Concerned Citizens of Renfrew County and Area

High level radioactive waste imports to Chalk River from Manitoba and Quebec will likely begin in 2025

April 14, 2024

See also CNL’s Integrated Waste Strategy alarms downstream residents and 2000 nuclear waste shipments planned, from Pinawa Manitoba to Chalk River, Ontario and Transport of radioactive waste on Canadian roads ~ a growing public risk

This correspondence from the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission dated February 23, 2024 suggests that Canadian Nuclear Laboratories has applied for a license to transport used nuclear fuel from Whiteshell Laboratories to Chalk River Laboratories and that the shipments are tentatively planned to commence in June 2025. High level waste shipments from Quebec to Chalk River are also planned they will likely pass through the cities of Montreal and Ottawa or Gatinueau.

— Original message —
Subject: RE: Use of NMWO Used Fuel Transportation Package for Whiteshell HLWshipments to Chalk River
From: “Campbell, Kimberley” <Kimberley.Campbell@cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca>
To: ole@nrtco.net <ole@nrtco.net>
Cc: “Gacem, Mohamed Cherif” <MohamedCherif.Gacem@cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca>, “Stewart, Andrew” <Andrew.Stewart@cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca>, “Islam, Wasif” <Wasif.Islam@cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca>, “Igric, Petar” <petar.igric@cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca>, “Lemoine, Eric” <eric.lemoine@cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca>, <Dagenais>, François <Francois.Dagenais@cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca>, “Pyne, Jennifer” <Jennifer.Pyne@cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca>, Information / Information (CNSC/CCSN) <cnsc.info.ccsn@cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca>
Date: Friday, 23/02/2024 7:10 AM

Good morning Mr. Hendrickson:

The Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) has received an application from CNL to support the use of Nuclear Waste Management Organization’s (NWMO)  Used Fuel Transport Package (UFTP) for the shipment of used nuclear fuel from Whiteshell Laboratories to Chalk River Laboratories. CNSC’s Transport Licensing and Strategic Support Division (TLSSD)  is currently reviewing the application; however, a final certification decision has not yet been made. Pending an approved CNSC package certificate for the UFTP, and a CNSC licence authorizing the transport,  used fuel shipments are tentatively planned to commence in June 2025. (emphasis added)

Additional information on CNSC’s processes for the certification of packages and transport licences can be found at Packaging and transport of nuclear substances (nuclearsafety.gc.ca).

Regards,

Kim

Kim Campbell   (she/her/elle)

Director Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Regulatory Program Division

Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission

Kimberley.campbell@cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca

613-295-6143

From: ole@nrtco.net <ole@nrtco.net>
Sent: Tuesday, February 20, 2024 1:32 PM
To: Campbell, Kimberley <Kimberley.Campbell@cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca>
Cc: Gacem, Mohamed Cherif <MohamedCherif.Gacem@cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca>
Subject: Use of NMWO Used Fuel Transportation Package for Whiteshell HLW shipments to Chalk River

EXTERNAL EMAIL – USE CAUTION / COURRIEL EXTERNE – FAITES PREUVE DE PRUDENCE

To:        Kimberley Campbell

             Director, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Regulatory Program Division

             Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission

Date:     February 20, 2024

Subject: Use of NMWO Used Fuel Transportation Package for Whiteshell HLW shipments to Chalk River

The following question was posed during this morning’s Canadian Nuclear Laboratories webinar, “Restoring the Whiteshell Laboratories site”:

We have read that an application was submitted to the CNSC in 2023 to allow the use of the NWMO’s Used Fuel Transportation Package for the transfer of high level radioactive waste from Whiteshell to Chalk River. What is the status of that application and what is the status of the transportation, including have shipments begun or when are they currently expected to begin? 

There was no answer or acknowledgement of this question during the webinar.

Given that this question refers in part to an application submitted to the CNSC, I would be grateful if you could provide an answer.

Thank you,

Ole Hendrickson

Researcher, Concerned Citizens of Renfrew County and Area

Geoscientist raises concerns about storage of radioactive waste in the Ottawa Valley due to earthquake risk

Chalk River Laboratories is located on a major fault line in the Western Quebec Seismic Zone, one of the areas in Canada with a relatively high risk of earthquakes.

This memo was received by Chief Lance Haymond of Kebaowek First Nation on Feb 15, 2024.

Begin forwarded message:

From: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Date: February 15, 2024 at 10:28:32 AM EST
To: lhaymond@kebaowek.ca
Subject: Chalk River nuclear waste

Hi Lance

I studied the geology and geophysics in the Ottawa area, and I can attest to the fact that this nuclear waste facility is planned in a geologically unsound area. 

It’s located in the middle of the Ottawa-Bonnechere graben. Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben – Wikipedia

Natural Resources Canada, and the Geological Survey of Canada is well aware of the seismic hazard of this area, and a whole new building code was added to the Canada Building Code based on studies conducted in this area of which I was a part. 

I’m a Doctor of Geophysics. I specialized in near-surface geophysics. 

This publication here was the basis for the earthquake hazard assessment rules added to the Building Code of Canada in 2009. 
GEOSCAN Search Results: Fastlink (nrcan.gc.ca)

It details the unstable nature of the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben and how it’s the second most Earthquake intensive area in Canada. This is the worst place to be constructing a nuclear waste site. 

Please let me know if you have any questions. 
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Engineers are notorious for overlooking bedrock stability because they don’t understand it. 

xxx

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Image above of the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben from Wikipedia

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

This book “On Borrowed Time” contains a chapter entitled “Un violent tremblement de terre” about the Ottawa Valley. It describes the category 5 quake that hit the valley in 2010 and the subsequent multibillion dollar earthquake proofing to buildings on Parliament Hill in Ottawa. And yet…. earthquake hazard has not prevented approval of the giant above ground mound of one million tons of radioactive waste one kilometer from the Ottawa River at Chalk River Ontario, or the importation to the Ottawa Valley of vast quantities of radioactive waste from Canada and other countries for storage beside the Ottawa River. The multinational consortium running Chalk River Laboratories for the federal government even plans to import High Level irradiated waste nuclear fuel for storage beside the river.

The Image below is from EarthquakesCanada.nrcan.gc.ca

More maps that show the Ottawa Valley is a major earthquake zone in Canada:

Canada  👉https://www.earthquakescanada.nrcan.gc.ca/historic-historique/caneqmap-en.php

 Canada   👉https://totalprepare.ca/earthquakes-in-canada-intro/

 Eastern Canada  👉https://www.seismescanada.rncan.gc.ca/zones/eastcan-en.php

Permit to allow destruction of endangered species on site of giant Ottawa River radioactive waste dump challenged in Federal Court

le français suit

March 27, 2924

Update November 5, 2024 See the end of this post for the factum.

Note: the full Notice of Application filed with the federall court is available here.

(Ottawa, March 27, 2024) – Kebaowek First Nation, Concerned Citizens of Renfrew County and Area, the Canadian Coalition for Nuclear Responsibility and Sierra Club Canada Foundation have launched a legal challenge to the recent decision by the Minister of Environment and Climate Change Canada to grant a Species At Risk permit that allows destruction of endangered bats, songbirds and turtles currently living on the site where a radioactive megadump will soon be built.

The giant dump, known as the NSDF, was recently licensed by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. It would hold one million tonnes of radioactive and other hazardous waste in a very large above-ground mound beside the Ottawa River, 180 km north-west of Ottawa on the Chalk River Laboratories property. The mound is expected to leak during operation and break down due to erosion after a few hundred years.

The Chalk River Laboratories property is uniquely rich in biodiversity. As a restricted area for 80 years, there has been very little human movement through most of the 3,700-hectare site. Some forests have acquired old growth characteristics from lack of disturbance. The site is dotted with lakes and wetlands that, combined with proximity to the Ottawa River, provide habitats and feeding grounds for many species at risk and large mammals. 

The NSDF site is located on the side of a densely forested hill that is surrounded at its base by wetlands that drain into the Ottawa River approximately one kilometer away. The forest stands have old growth characteristics and provide critical habitat for endangered bats and songbirds. The forest and surrounding wetlands serve as critical habitat for endangered Blanding’s Turtles. To prepare the site for the dump, more than 10,000 mature trees would be cut down and extensive blasting would be done to remove the hillside and level the site. 

Endangered species living in the NSDF forest stands and associated wetlands include the iconic Canada Warbler and the rare Golden-winged Warbler as well as three species of bats, and Blanding’s Turtles. Ground truthing in the NSDF footprint by Kebaowek First Nation found three active bear dens, which are protected by provincial legislation, and evidence of extensive use of the site by endangered Eastern Wolves. Both bears and wolves are species of great cultural importance to Algonquin peoples.

According to Canada’s Species at Risk Act, it is illegal to destroy endangered species or their habitats without a permit. Permits are supposed to only be granted if the project proponent has carefully considered all possible alternatives and chosen the option with the least impact on endangered species.

The applicants for judicial review are asking the Federal Court to review the decision to issue the permit. They maintain there is no evidence that the applicant chose the site with the least impact on species at risk.  They suggest there is counter evidence that the applicant, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, owned by a multinational consortium of SNC-Lavalin and two US-based engineering firms, chose the location for convenience and proximity to existing waste management areas on the CRL property, and was aware that the site was unusually rich in biodiversity but chose it anyway.

The application for judicial review was submitted to Federal Court on Wednesday, March 27, 2024.

Represented by Nicholas Pope of Hameed Law, the applicants are seeking an order quashing the decision to grant a species at risk permit for construction of the NSDF. 

Chief Lance Haymond, Kebaowek First Nation, said: “The Algonquin people have inherent rights to protect all life in the Ottawa River watershed which is our unceded ancestral territory. We would like to exercise these rights but are continually thwarted by government officials and agencies who do not understand or respect our Indigenous rights. Protecting all life is part of our Algonquin stewardship tradition. We believe it is wrong to wantonly destroy animals and their habitats for the pursuit of profit and we will not stand idly by and allow this to happen.”

Lynn Jones, Concerned Citizens of Renfrew County and Area, said: “This legal challenge is shining a spotlight on the very poor choice of location for this nuclear waste dump. Its proximity to the Ottawa River is the top concern for the many First Nations, municipalities and others who oppose the project. And now we learn that building the dump at that location would be a devastating blow to endangered wildlife. The best outcome for this judicial review would be for the permit decision to be overturned and the proponent ordered to re-do the site selection process.” 

Dr. Gordon Edwards, Canadian Coalition for Nuclear Responsibility, said: ”Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL) is owned and operated by a consortium of multinational corporations, two of them Texas-based. There was no prior consultation with Indigenous or non-Indigenous people in CNL’s choosing a site years ago, so close to the Ottawa River, which provides such an important habitat for several species at risk. To pretend that the protection of these creatures played a significant role in site selection is an exercise in self-deception.”

Dr. Ole Hendrickson, Sierra Club Canada Foundation, said: ”The Minister has failed to uphold his duty to protect endangered species by issuing this permit. A key condition of granting a permit is that the proponent has looked at alternative sites and chosen the one with the least impact on endangered species. That clearly did not happen in this case. Given that CRL is a federally-owned property, the Minister should set a good example and do his utmost to protect endangered species there.”

– 30 –

Le permis autorisant la destruction d’espèces en voie de disparition sur le site du gigantesque dépôt de déchets radioactifs de la rivière des Outaouais est contesté devant la Cour fédérale

(Ottawa, le 27 mars 2024) – La Première Nation Kebaowek, Concerned Citizens of Renfrew County and Area, le Regroupement canadien pour la surveillance nucléaire et la Fondation Sierra Club Canada ont lancé une contestation judiciaire de la récente décision du ministre de l’Environnement et du Changement climatique du Canada d’accorder un permis pour les espèces en péril qui permet la destruction des chauves-souris, des oiseaux chanteurs et des tortues en voie de disparition qui vivent actuellement sur le site où un mégadépôt de déchets radioactifs sera bientôt construit.

Cette décharge géante, connue sous le nom de NSDF, a récemment été autorisée par la Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire. Il contiendrait un million de tonnes de déchets radioactifs et d’autres déchets dangereux dans un très grand monticule en surface au bord de la rivière des Outaouais, à 180 km au nord-ouest d’Ottawa, sur le terrain des laboratoires de Chalk River. Le monticule devrait fuir pendant l’exploitation et s’effondrer sous l’effet de l ‘érosion au bout de quelques centaines d’années.

La propriété des Laboratoires de Chalk River est particulièrement riche en biodiversité. En tant que zone d’accès restreint depuis 80 ans, la majeure partie de ce site de 3 700 hectares a été très peu fréquentée par l’homme. Certaines forêts ont acquis des caractéristiques de vieux peuplements en raison de l’absence de perturbations. Le site est parsemé de lacs et de zones humides qui, combinés à la proximité de la rivière des Outaouais, constituent des habitats et des aires d’alimentation pour de nombreuses espèces en péril et de grands mammifères.

Le site du NSDF est situé sur le flanc d’une colline densément boisée, entourée à sa base de zones humides qui se jettent dans la rivière des Outaouais, à environ un kilomètre de là. Les peuplements forestiers présentent des caractéristiques de vieux arbres et constituent un habitat essentiel pour les chauves-souris et les oiseaux chanteurs en voie de disparition. La forêt et les zones humides environnantes constituent un habitat essentiel pour les tortues mouchetées, une espèce menacée. Pour préparer le site de la décharge, plus de 10 000 arbres adultes seront abattus et d’importants travaux de dynamitage seront effectués pour déblayer le flanc de la colline et niveler le site.

Les espèces menacées qui vivent dans les peuplements forestiers du NSDF et les zones humides associées comprennent l’emblématique paruline du Canada et la rare paruline à ailes dorées, ainsi que trois espèces de chauves-souris et des tortues mouchetées. Les vérifications sur le terrain effectuées par la Première nation Kebaowek dans l’empreinte du NSDF ont permis de découvrir trois tanières d’ours actives, protégées par la législation provinciale, ainsi que des preuves de l’utilisation intensive du site par des loups de l’Est, une espèce menacée d’extinction. Les ours et les loups sont des espèces d’une grande importance culturelle pour les Algonquins.

Selon la loi canadienne sur les espèces en péril, il est illégal de détruire des espèces menacées ou leurs habitats sans permis. Les permis ne sont censés être accordés que si le promoteur du projet a soigneusement examiné toutes les alternatives possibles et choisi celle qui a le moins d’impact sur les espèces menacées.

Les demandeurs de contrôle judiciaire demandent à la Cour fédérale de réexaminer la décision de délivrer le permis. Ils soutiennent qu’il n’y a aucune preuve que le demandeur a choisi le site ayant le moins d’impact sur les espèces en péril. Ils suggèrent qu’il existe des preuves contraires que le demandeur, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, détenu par un consortium multinational composé de SNC Lavalin et de deux sociétés d’ingénierie basées aux États-Unis, a choisi le site pour des raisons de commodité et de proximité avec les sites de déchets fuyants existants sur la propriété des LCR, et qu’il était conscient que le site était exceptionnellement riche en biodiversité, mais l’a quand même choisi.

La demande de contrôle judiciaire a été soumise à la Cour fédérale le mercredi 27 mars 2024.

Représentés par Nicholas Pope de Hameed Law, les requérants cherchent à obtenir une ordonnance annulant la décision d’accorder un permis de protection des espèces en péril pour la construction du NSDF.

Le chef Lance Haymond, de la Première nation Kebaowek, a déclaré : «Le peuple algonquin a le droit inhérent de protéger toutes les formes de vie dans le bassin versant de la rivière des Outaouais, qui est notre territoire ancestral non cédé. Nous aimerions exercer ces droits, mais nous sommes continuellement contrariés par des fonctionnaires et des agences gouvernementales qui ne comprennent pas ou ne respectent pas nos droits indigènes. La protection de toutes les formes de vie fait partie de la tradition de gestion des Algonquins. Nous pensons qu’il est répréhensible de détruire délibérément des animaux et leurs habitats à des fins lucratives et nous ne resterons pas les bras croisés face à cette situation.»

Lynn Jones, Concerned Citizens of Renfrew County and Area, a déclaré : «Cette contestation juridique met en lumière le très mauvais choix de l’emplacement de cette décharge de déchets nucléaires. Sa proximité avec la rivière des Outaouais est la principale préoccupation de nombreuses Premières nations, municipalités et autres personnes qui s’opposent au projet. Nous apprenons maintenant que la construction de la décharge à cet endroit porterait un coup dévastateur pour les espèces menacées. Le meilleur résultat de ce contrôle judiciaire serait que la décision d’autorisation soit annulée et qu’il soit ordonné au promoteur de refaire le processus de sélection du site.»

Gordon Edwards, du Regroupement pour la surveillance du nucléaire, a déclaré : «Les Laboratoires nucléaires canadiens (LNC) sont détenus et exploités par un consortium de sociétés multinationales, dont deux sont basées au Texas. Il n’y a eu aucune consultation préalable avec les populations autochtones ou non autochtones lorsque LNC a choisi un site, il y a des années, si près de la rivière des Outaouais, qui constitue un habitat si important pour plusieurs espèces en péril. Prétendre que la protection de ces créatures a joué un rôle important dans le choix du site est un exercice d’auto-illusion.»

Ole Hendrickson, Fondation Sierra Club Canada, a déclaré: « En délivrant ce permis, le ministre a manqué à son devoir de protéger les espèces menacées. Une condition essentielle à l’octroi d’un permis est que le promoteur ait examiné les sites alternatifs et choisi celui ayant le moins d’impact sur les espèces menacées. Ce n’est manifestement pas ce qui s’est passé dans le cas présent. Étant donné que le LCR est une propriété fédérale, le ministre devrait donner le bon exemple et faire tout ce qui est en son pouvoir pour protéger les espèces menacées qui s’y trouvent.»

– 30 –

FACTUM submitted to Federal Court on September 27:

عشرة أشياء يحتاج الكنديون إلى معرفتها عن كومة النفايات المشعة العملاقة القادمة إلى نهر أوتاوا

15 مارس 2014

نهر أوتاوا هو نهر تراثي كندي يتدفق عبر تل البرلمان. وله قيمة لا توصف ككنز طبيعي وتاريخي جميل. فالنهر مقدس بالنسبة لشعب ألغونكوين الذي يحدد أراضيه التقليدية.

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وافقت اللجنة الكندية للأمان النووي (CNSC) مؤخرًا على ترخيص بناء كومة مشعة مكونة من سبعة طوابق بجانب نهر أوتاوا على أرض تابعة لمختبرات نهر الطباشير، وهي منشأة أبحاث نووية فيدرالية شديدة التلوث على بعد 180 كم شمال غرب أوتاوا. تُعرف الكومة المشعة العملاقة باسم “مرفق التخلص من المواد المشعة القريبة من السطح” أو “NSDF”. وقد تمت الموافقة عليه من قبل اللجنة الوطنية للأمن النووي في 8 يناير 2024. ويُنظر على نطاق واسع إلى اللجنة الوطنية للأمن السيبراني على أنها جهة تنظيمية أسيرة تروج للمشاريع التي من المفترض أن تنظمها، كما ذكرت لجنة خبراء في عام 2017.

يقع الموقع على بعد أقل من كيلومتر واحد من نهر أوتاوا
تم اختيار موقع مرفق الدفاع الوطني لقربه من مواقع النفايات المتسربة الحالية في نهر تشالك؛ فهو يقع على جانب تل، وتحيط به جزئياً الأراضي الرطبة التي تصب في نهر أوتاوا على بعد أقل من كيلومتر واحد. الموقع معرض للأعاصير والزلازل؛ فنهر أوتاوا هو خط صدع رئيسي. الصخور الأساسية في الموقع مسامية ومتصدعة ومنسوب المياه الجوفية قريب جداً من السطح.

وستحتوي الكومة الضخمة على مليون طن من النفايات المشعة وغيرها من النفايات الخطرة11
وسيرتفع المرفق الوطني للنفايات المشعة إلى سبعة طوابق ويغطي مساحة تعادل مساحة 70 حلبة هوكي في دوري الهوكي الوطني.
وقد تراكمت النفايات المخصصة للتل على مدى ثمانية عقود من العمل في مختبرات نهر الطباشير؛ كما يتم استيراد النفايات لوضعها في التل.
وستحتوي على عشرات المواد المشعة والخطرة وأطنان من المعادن الثقيلة. وتشمل المواد المشعة الموجهة إلى مكب النفايات التريتيوم، والكربون-14، والسترونتيوم-90، وأربعة أنواع من البلوتونيوم (أحد أخطر المواد المشعة إذا تم استنشاقه أو ابتلاعه)، وما يصل إلى 6.3 طن من اليورانيوم.
وستطلق مصادر الكوبالت-60 والسيزيوم-137 في المكب الكثير من أشعة غاما الشديدة لدرجة أن العمال يجب أن يستخدموا واقيات من الرصاص لتجنب التعرض للإشعاع الخطير. وتقول الوكالة الدولية للطاقة الذرية إن هذه “نفايات من المستوى المتوسط” وتتطلب وضعها تحت الأرض.
كما أن الديوكسين ومركبات ثنائي الفينيل متعدد الكلور والأسبستوس والزئبق وما يصل إلى 13 طناً من الزرنيخ ومئات الأطنان من الرصاص ستدخل في مكب النفايات. كما أنها ستحتوي على آلاف الأطنان من النحاس والحديد، مما يغري الزبالين بالحفر في الكومة بعد الإغلاق.

تعارض الأمم الأولى لأمة ألغونكوين وجمعية الأمم الأولى الصندوق الوطني للتنمية الريفية.
عاش شعب أمة ألغونكوين في مستجمع مياه نهر أوتاوا منذ زمن سحيق؛ ولم يوقعوا أبدًا معاهدة مع التاج أو حكومة كندا.
وينص إعلان الأمم المتحدة بشأن حقوق الشعوب الأصلية على أنه “لا يجوز تخزين المواد الخطرة أو التخلص منها في أراضي أو أقاليم الشعوب الأصلية دون موافقتها الحرة والمسبقة والمستنيرة”.
تحدث الزعماء الذين يمثلون 10 من أصل 11 أمة من أمم ألغونكوين الأولى ضد الصندوق الوطني للتنمية المستدامة في مؤتمر صحفي في أوتاوا في 20 يونيو 2023.
وفي جلسة الاستماع النهائية لمنح التراخيص في 10 أغسطس 2023، صرحت الأمم الأولى كيباويك وأمم ألغونكوين في بحيرة باريير وكيتيغان زيبي أنيشينابيج الأولى بوضوح أنهم لا يوافقون على بناء الصندوق الوطني للتنمية الزراعية على أراضيهم غير المتنازل عنها
أقرت جمعية الأمم الأولى قرارات تعارض بناء الصندوق الوطني للتنمية الريفية في عامي 2018 و2023

مياه الشرب لملايين الكنديين مهددة بسبب مكب النفايات
يحيط بموقع مكب نفايات نيو ساوث ويلز جزء من الأراضي الرطبة التي تصب عبر بحيرة بيرش في نهر أوتاوا، وهو مصدر مياه الشرب لملايين الكنديين في اتجاه مجرى النهر بما في ذلك أوتاوا وغاتينو وأجزاء من مونتريال
من المتوقع أن تتسرب الكومة أثناء التشغيل وتنهار بسبب التآكل
تتوقع الدراسات حدوث عدة أنواع من التسرب أثناء الملء وبعد إغلاق المنشأة
ستقوم محطة الصرف الصحي لمياه الصرف الصحي لمرفق التخلص من النفايات النووية بتصريف المياه الملوثة التي تحتوي على كميات كبيرة من التريتيوم (الهيدروجين المشع) وكميات أقل من العديد من المواد المشعة الأخرى مثل البلوتونيوم؛ وستدخل هذه التصريفات إلى نهر أوتاوا.
وتشير دراسة تقييم الأداء التي أجراها المؤيد إلى أن الكومة سوف تتحلل بعد عمرها التصميمي المتوقع البالغ 550 سنة وستنطلق محتوياتها إلى البيئة ونهر أوتاوا.

لا يوجد مستوى آمن للتعرض للإشعاع الذي قد يتسرب إلى نهر أوتاوا من الكومة
ستزيد جميع المواد المشعة المتسربة من مخاطر العيوب الخلقية والأضرار الوراثية والسرطان والأمراض المزمنة الأخرى. وتقول الوكالة الدولية للطاقة الذرية إنه يجب عزل النفايات المشعة عن المحيط الحيوي.

ويقول الخبراء إن النفايات ستبقى مشعة وخطرة لآلاف السنين
تقول الوكالة الدولية للطاقة الذرية (IAEA) إن نفايات مثل تلك التي أنتجتها مختبرات تشالك ريفر، حيث قامت الحكومة الفيدرالية بتشغيل مفاعلات نووية وأجرت تجارب نووية لمدة ثمانية عقود، من المرجح أن تكون “متوسطة المستوى” وفي بعض الحالات “عالية المستوى”، مما يتطلب وضع عشرات الأمتار أو أكثر تحت الأرض.
يقول مدير كبير سابق مسؤول عن النفايات المشعة القديمة في مختبرات نهر الطباشير إن النفايات المقترحة للمنشأة “متوسطة المستوى” وتتطلب وضعاً تحت الأرض. ويقول إن الكومة ستكون خطرة ومشعة لعدة آلاف من السنين، وأن الجرعات الإشعاعية من المنشأة ستتجاوز المستويات المسموح بها.
خمسة وعشرون من أصل 31 نويداً مشعاً مدرجة في قائمة الجرد المرجعية للتل هي نويدات مشعة طويلة العمر مع أنصاف أعمار تتراوح بين آلاف وملايين السنين. (انظر أيضًا قائمة الجرد المرخصة)
ستعمر النفايات المشعة أكثر من المنشأة لعدة آلاف من السنين.

أكثر من 140 بلدية في كيبيك وأونتاريو تعارض مشروع NSDF
أصدرت أكثر من 140 بلدية، بما في ذلك مقاطعة بونتياك وأوتاوا وغاتينو ومونتريال، قرارات معارضة أو قلق شديد بشأن المشروع المقترح.
طلب قرار مدينة أوتاوا على وجه التحديد وقف واردات النفايات إلى وادي أوتاوا؛ وقد تجاهل الكونسورتيوم هذا الطلب

دافعو الضرائب الكنديون يدفعون ولكن اتحاد شركات متعدد الجنسيات هو من يدير الأمور
تعود ملكية مختبرات تشالك ريفر إلى الحكومة الكندية، وقُدرت تكلفة تنظيف الموقع في الأصل بثمانية مليارات دولار في عام 2015 عندما تعاقدت حكومة هاربر مع اتحاد متعدد الجنسيات يسمى “التحالف الوطني الكندي للطاقة” لإدارة موقع تشالك ريفر وتنظيف النفايات المشعة هناك وفي المرافق الأخرى المملوكة للحكومة الفيدرالية.
ومنذ أن تولى الكونسورتيوم هذه المهمة، تضخمت التكاليف التي يتحملها دافعو الضرائب الكنديون لتشغيل وتنظيف المختبرات النووية الكندية من 336 مليون دولار سنوياً إلى أكثر من 1.5 مليار دولار سنوياً.
الأعضاء الحاليون في الكونسورتيوم هم شركة AtkinsRéalis (المعروفة سابقًا باسم SNC-Lavalin)، التي تم حظرها من قبل البنك الدولي لمدة 10 سنوات وواجهت اتهامات في كندا بالاحتيال والرشوة والفساد؛ وشركة Fluor Corporation ومقرها تكساس، التي دفعت 4 ملايين دولار لتسوية مزاعم الاحتيال المالي المتعلقة بأعمال تنظيف النفايات النووية في موقع في الولايات المتحدة؛ وشركة Jacobs Engineering ومقرها تكساس، التي استحوذت مؤخرًا على شركة CH2M، وهي عضو أصلي في الكونسورتيوم وافقت على دفع 18.5 مليون دولار لتسوية اتهامات جنائية فيدرالية في موقع تنظيف نووي في الولايات المتحدة.

سيؤدي بناء الصندوق الوطني للتنمية الريفية إلى تدمير الموائل الحرجة للأنواع المحمية.
ويعد موقع الحديقة الوطنية للثروة الحيوانية غنياً جداً بالتنوع البيولوجي نظراً لكونه مُسيّجاً أمام البشر منذ 80 عاماً. كما أن قربه من نهر أوتاوا وبحيرة بيرش يجعله أرضاً جيدة لتغذية الثدييات الكبيرة.
وتوفر الأراضي الرطبة التي تحيط جزئياً بموقع الصندوق الوطني للثروة الحيوانية والنباتية موطنًا لسلاحف بلاندينج المهددة بالانقراض.
وتستضيف الغابة الناضجة في الموقع ثلاثة أنواع من الخفافيش المهددة بالانقراض، والعديد من الطيور المهاجرة المعرضة للخطر، بما في ذلك طائر الوالبرز الذهبي المجنح والوالز الكندي والويلات السوطية
كشفت الأبحاث التي قادها السكان الأصليون عن وجود مجموعة سليمة من الذئاب الشرقية المهددة بالانقراض تستخدم الموقع على نطاق واسع؛ كما وجد الباحثون من السكان الأصليين ثلاثة أوكار نشطة للدببة السوداء، المحمية بموجب قانون أونتاريو لحماية الأسماك والحياة البرية.
في يناير 2024، كتبت أمة كيباويك الأولى إلى وزير البيئة وتغير المناخ الكندي تطلب رفض التصريح بقطع الأشجار في الموقع.

يجب تنظيف النفايات ولكن هناك طرق أفضل للقيام بذلك.
يمكن أن يوفر استعراض الأقران ARTEMIS الذي تنسقه الوكالة الدولية للطاقة الذرية معلومات قيمة للحكومة الكندية حول أفضل الممارسات لإدارة نفايات مثل تلك الموجودة في نهر الطباشير.
في ديسمبر 2023، وقّع أكثر من 3000 كندي على العريضة الإلكترونية لمجلس العموم الكندي رقم 4676 التي تطالب بإجراء مراجعة ARTEMIS
يجب على كندا أن تلتزم ببناء مرافق عالمية المستوى لإدارة النفايات المشعة التي من شأنها أن تحافظ على سلامة الكنديين وتوفر وظائف جيدة في الصناعة النووية، وإدارة النفايات واحتوائها بأمان للأجيال القادمة.
ومن شأن المرافق ذات المستوى العالمي أن تتضمن أحكاماً للتغليف الدقيق، ووضع العلامات ووضعها في مرفق تحت الأرض؛ وستكون النفايات قابلة للاسترجاع حتى تتمكن الأجيال القادمة من مراقبتها وإعادة تغليفها حسب الحاجة.

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هناك حاجة ماسة إلى اتخاذ إجراء حكومي اتحادي لوقف مشروع الصندوق الوطني للتنمية الزراعية. ومن شأن مراجعة ARTEMIS للوكالة الدولية للطاقة الذرية أن تحدد طريقة أفضل للمضي قدمًا.
اطلب من عضوك في البرلمان دعم مراجعة ARTEMIS لمشروع الصندوق الوطني للتنمية النووية.

Canada is unique among OECD countries in giving its national regulatory agency sole responsibility for decisions about nuclear waste disposal projects (Letter to Ministers Wilkinson and Guilbeault)

La version française suit….

February 21, 2024

Dear Ministers Guilbeault and Wilkinson,

Canada is unique among OECD countries in giving its national regulatory agency sole responsibility for decisions about nuclear waste disposal projects.  This is unacceptable to Canadians.

The Near Surface Disposal Facility (NSDF) is a proposed disposal facility for radioactive waste at the federally owned Chalk River Laboratories site.  The NSDF project was approved by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) on January 9, 2024.  

On February 16, 2024, Mme Monique Pauzé (Repentigny, BQ) asked the following question in the House of Commons: 

“Given that there is no social licence for the Chalk River Project, will the minister reverse the decision?”

The feds are the ones are jeopardizing Quebec’s drinking water with a nuclear dump. Will the government stop hiding and say no to Chalk River?

Marc Serré, Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Natural Resources, replied:

“The government is not the one deciding on these projects. Canadians do not want politicians to decide on these projects.”

Canadians want to know that there are experts who will study the decision and carry out consultations. Canadians have made it clear that they do not want politicians making this decision.

However, radioactive waste experts who worked at the Chalk River Laboratories and studied the NSDF project in detail warn that it is unsafe.  

Indigenous and non-Indigenous Canadians want elected officials and the Government of Canada to be accountable for decisions on the NSDF and other nuclear waste disposal projects.  

On January 29, 2024, MP Sophie Chatel (Pontiac, Liberal Party) presented e-petition 4676 to the House of Commons.  Signed by 3127 Canadians, it calls on the Government of Canada to order the CNSC to make no decision on licensing of a radioactive waste disposal facility unless Canada’s obligations under the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) are met.

On February 14, 2024, the Kebaowek First Nation, along with the Bloc Québécois, organized a press conference to demand that the Government of Canada put an end to the Near Surface Disposal Facility Project. The press conference was attended by leaders of several other Algonquin First Nations who have never ceded the land on which the NSDF would be built. Nor have these nations given their free, prior and informed consent to the project, as required by article 29, paragraph 2, of the UNDRIP. 

The CNSC is an unelected body that is not accountable to the electorate. It has neither the expertise nor the mandate to determine whether the NSDF has met UNDRIP requirements and obtained the necessary social license from Canadians.  From a strictly technical point of view, the regulator is faced with a very difficult problem: How to ensure the safety of human beings and the environment for the next ten millennia?

It is the Government of Canada, not the CNSC, that must comply with the UNDRIP.  The CNSC is not qualified to implement UNDRIP. The UNDRIP action plan does not apply to the CNSC. The assessment and authorization of a radioactive waste site should not be entrusted to a body that is not accountable to Indigenous peoples or to the public.

CNSC impact assessment (IA) processes lack public trust. A 2017 Expert Panel Report, Building Common Ground: A New Vision for Impact Assessment in Canada, said:

“To restore public trust and confidence in assessment processes, the conduct of IAs must respect the principles of being transparent, inclusive, informed and meaningful. Any authority given the mandate to conduct federal assessments should be aligned with these principles…”

After the creation of the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada in 2019, assessments done by the National Energy Board (NEB) were transferred to the Agency.  However, the CNSC continues to act as a “responsible authority” (RA) that conducts its own assessments for projects that it regulates, such as the NSDF.

In 2017, the Expert Panel noted several concerns about assessments conducted by the CNSC (and the NEB):  

…there is a perception of a lack of independence and neutrality because of their close relationship with the industries they regulate. For example, participants noted the cross mobility of personnel between these regulators and their regulated industries and voiced concerns that these RAs promote the projects they are tasked with regulating.

CNSC’s sole authority to assess and license nuclear waste disposal projects has resulted in the absence of social licence for the NSDF project, as Mme Pauzé observed. 

On this matter, the Expert Panel’s report seems almost prophetic:

Public trust and confidence is crucial to all parties. Without it, an assessment approval will lack the social acceptance necessary to facilitate project development. While some would likely favour the NEB and CNSC for the assessment of projects in their particular industries, the erosion of public trust in the current assessment process has created a belief among many interests that the outcomes are illegitimate. This, in turn, has led some to believe that outcomes are pre-ordained and that there is no use in participating in the review process because views will not be taken into account. The consequence of this is a higher likelihood of protests and court challenges, longer timeframes to get to decisions and less certainty that the decision will actually be realized – in short, the absence of social license.

In all OECD countries except Canada, decisions on the disposal of radioactive waste are the responsibility of government agencies, and in many cases, more than one. Canada is the only country to give its regulator, the CNSC, sole and final decision-making authority in this area, according to the document “The Regulatory Infrastructure in NEA Member Countries,” published by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA).

In the U.S. and U.K., environment agencies are given decision-making power in respect of nuclear waste disposal.  In the case of the NSDF, it appears that Environment and Climate Change Canada has decision-making power because of the requirement for a permit to destroy habitat for species at risk.

The government could ask the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to carry out an ARTEMIS review. ARTEMIS reviews are carried out by competent peers, available to all IAEA member states. An ARTEMIS review could provide the Government of Canada with valuable advice on how to manage its legacy radioactive waste.

We have the following three requests:

  • No disposal of radioactive waste until Canada has met its UNDRIP obligations;
  • No permits to destroy habitat for species at risk at the NSDF site; and
  • An international ARTEMIS review of long-term management of the Government of Canada’s radioactive waste. 

Yours sincerely,

Ginette Charbonneau, Ralliement contre la pollution radioactive

Gordon Edwards, Canadian Coalition for Nuclear Responsibility

Ole Hendrickson, Concerned Citizens of Renfrew County and Area

—————————

Le 21 février 2024

Messieurs les Ministres Guilbeault et Wilkinson,

Le Canada est le seul pays de l’OCDE qui confie à la CCSN, son agence nationale de réglementation, la responsabilité exclusive des décisions relatives aux projets d’élimination des déchets radioactifs.  Cette situation est inacceptable pour les Canadiens.

Le Projet d’installation de gestion des déchets près de la surface (IGDPS) est un projet d’élimination permanente de déchets radioactifs sur le site des Laboratoires nucléaires de Chalk River, propriété du gouvernement fédéral.  Le projet a été approuvé par la Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire (CCSN) le 9 janvier 2024.  

Le 16 février 2024, Mme Monique Pauzé (Repentigny, Bloc Québécois) a posé les questions suivantes à la Chambre des communes : 

Puisqu’il n’y a pas d’acceptabilité sociale pour le projet de Chalk River, est-ce que le ministre va annuler cette décision?

C’est le fédéral qui met en péril l’eau potable des Québécois avec un dépotoir nucléaire. Le gouvernement va-t-il cesser de se cacher et dire non au projet de Chalk River?

Marc Serré, secrétaire parlementaire du ministre des Ressources naturelles, a répondu :

Ce n’est pas le gouvernement qui décide de ces projets.  Les Canadiens ne veulent pas que les politiciens décident de ces projets.

Les Canadiens veulent savoir que ce sont des experts qui vont étudier la décision et qui vont faire les consultations.  Les Canadiens sont clairs: ils ne veulent pas que ce soient des politiciens qui prennent cette décision. 

Cependant, des experts en déchets radioactifs qui ont travaillé aux Laboratoires de Chalk River et qui ont étudié en détail le projet d’IGDPS concluent qu’il n’est pas sécuritaire.  

Tous les Canadiens, autochtones et non autochtones, veulent que les élus et le gouvernement du Canada soient responsables des décisions sur l’IGPDS et sur les autres projets d’élimination de déchets radioactifs.

Le 29 janvier 2024, la députée Sophie Chatel (Pontiac, Parti Libéral) a présenté la pétition 4676 à la Chambre des communes.  Elle était signée par 3127 Canadiens qui demandent au gouvernement d’ordonner que la CCSN n’autorise aucune installation de stockage de déchets radioactifs sans que le Canada n’ait respecté la Déclaration des Nations Unies sur les droits des peuples autochtones (DNUDPA).

Le 14 février 2024, la Première nation Kebaowek a organisé avec le Bloc Québécois une conférence de presse pour demander que le gouvernement du Canada mette fin au Projet d’installation de gestion des déchets près de la surface. Cette conférence de presse s’est tenue en présence des dirigeants de plusieurs autres Premières nations algonquines qui n’ont jamais cédé leur territoire sur lequel l’IGDPS serait érigée. Ces nations n’ont pas donné non plus leur consentement libre, préalable et éclairé au projet, contrairement à ce que demande l’article 29, paragraphe 2, de la DNUDPA.

La CCSN est un organisme non élu et qui n’est pas responsable devant l’électorat. Elle n’a ni l’expertise ni le mandat pour déterminer si l’IGDPS a satisfait aux exigences de la DNUDPA et a obtenu l’acceptabilité sociale nécessaire de la part des Canadiens. Même d’un point de vue strictement technique, l’autorité de réglementation est confrontée à un problème très difficile : Comment assurer la sécurité des êtres humains et de l’environnement pour les dix prochains millénaires?

C’est le gouvernement du Canada, et non la CCSN, qui doit se conformer à la DNUDPA.  La CCSN n’est pas qualifiée pour appliquer la DNUDPA. Le plan d’action de la DNUDPA ne la concerne pas. On ne doit pas confier l’évaluation et l’autorisation d’un site de déchets radioactifs à un organisme qui n’a aucun compte à rendre aux peuples autochtones, ni au grand public.

Les évaluations d’impact environnemental de la CCSN n’ont pas la confiance du public. La Rapport du Comité d’experts, Bâtir un terrain d’entente : une nouvelle vision pour l’évaluation des impacts au Canada, concluait :

Afin de restaurer la confiance du public, les évaluations d’impact doivent être transparentes, inclusives, éclairées et significatives. Toute autorité qui reçoit mandat de mener des évaluations fédérales devrait respecter ces principes…

Depuis la création de l’Agence d’évaluation d’impact du Canada en 2019, celle-ci assume toutes les évaluations qui relevaient auparavant de l’Office national de l’énergie (ONE). Par contre, la CCSN continue d’être une “autorité responsable” qui effectue ses propres évaluations sur les projets qu’elle réglemente, dont le projet d’IGDPS.

En 2017, le groupe d’experts a relevé plusieurs préoccupations envers les évaluations de la CCSN (et de l’ONE) :  

…on perçoit un manque d’indépendance et de neutralité à cause de leur étroite relation avec les industries qu’ils réglementent. Des participants ont noté par exemple la mobilité du personnel entre ces organismes de réglementation et le secteur industriel qu’ils règlementent. Ils sont inquiets quand ils voient ces organismes faire la promotion des projets qu’ils doivent réglementer.

Le fait que la CCSN soit seule pour évaluer et autoriser les projets d’élimination des déchets radioactifs enlève toute acceptabilité sociale au projet IGDPS, souligne Mme Pauzé. 

À cet égard, le rapport du groupe d’experts semble prophétique :

La confiance du public est cruciale. Sans elle, aucune approbation ne recevra l’appui social requis pour que le projet se réalise. Plusieurs secteurs industriels préfèrent que leurs projets soient évalués par l’ONE et par la CCSN mais cela entraîne une telle perte de confiance du public que les conclusions de ces évaluations ne semblent plus légitimes. Certains croient que les résultats sont déterminés d’avance et qu’il est inutile de participer au processus d’évaluation puisque leurs points de vue ne seront pas pris en compte. Cela entraîne des risques accrus de protestations, de contestations judiciaires, de procédures qui s’éternisent et cela mène à douter de la mise en œuvre des décisions. Bref, absence d’acceptabilité sociale.

Dans tous les pays de l’OCDE, sauf au Canada, les décisions sur l’élimination des déchets radioactifs relèvent des organismes gouvernementaux et même de plusieurs organismes bien souvent. Le Canada est le seul pays qui donne à la CCSN un pouvoir de décision unique et final dans ce domaine, révèle le document “The Regulatory Infrastructure in NEA Member Countries,” publié par l’Agence de l’OCDE pour l’énergie nucléaire (NEA).

Aux États-Unis et au Royaume-Uni, les ministères de l’environnement ont un pouvoir décisionnel sur l’élimination des déchets nucléaires.  Dans le cas de l’IGDPS, il semble qu’Environnement et Changement climatique Canada pourrait aussi avoir un vrai pouvoir de décision puisque ce ministère doit autoriser toute destruction de l’habitat des espèces en péril.

Le gouvernement pourrait demander à l’Agence internationale de l’énergie atomique (AIEA) de procéder à un examen ARTEMIS. Les examens ARTEMIS sont effectués par des pairs compétents, disponibles pour tous les États membres de l’AIEA. Un examen ARTEMIS pourrait fournir au gouvernement du Canada des conseils précieux sur la manière de gérer ses déchets radioactifs hérités.

Nous formulons les trois demandes suivantes:

  • Aucune élimination de déchets radioactifs tant que le Canada n’aura pas satisfait à ses obligations au titre de l’UNDRIP ;
  • Aucun permis de détruire l’habitat des espèces en péril sur le site de l’IGPDS ; et
  • Tenue d’un examen international ARTEMIS sur la gestion à long terme des déchets radioactifs du gouvernement du Canada.

Nous vous prions d’agréer l’expression de nos sentiments distingués,

Ginette Charbonneau, Ralliement contre la pollution radioactive

Gordon Edwards, Regroupement pour la surveillance du nucléaire

Ole Hendrickson, Citoyens inquiets du comté de Renfrew et de sa région

Canadian taxpayers are paying for the NSDF but a multinational consortium is calling the shots

February 18, 2024

Chalk River Laboratories is owned by the Government of Canada. Cleanup of the site was originally estimated to cost $8 billion in 2015 when a multinational consortium called “Canadian National Energy Alliance” was contracted by the Harper government to manage the Chalk River site and clean up the radioactive waste there and at other federally owned facilities. 

Since the consortium took over, costs to Canadian taxpayers for the operation and cleanup at Canada’s nuclear labs have ballooned from $336 million dollars per year to over $1.5 billion per year.

Current members in the consortium are: AtkinsRéalis (formerly SNC-Lavalin,) which was debarred by the World Bank for 10 years and faced charges in Canada of fraud, bribery and corruption; Texas-based Fluor Corporation, which paid $4 million to resolve allegations of financial fraud related to nuclear waste cleanup work at a U.S. site; and Texas-based Jacobs Engineering, which recently acquired CH2M, an original consortium member that agreed to pay $18.5 million to settle federal criminal charges at a nuclear cleanup site in the U.S.

A 2016 access to information request revealed that nine senior CNL executives were paid an average of $722,000 per person per year and twenty-eight senior contractors were paid an average of $377,275 per year per person. Almost all of these senior executives and senior contractors were non-Canadian.

There has been no decrease in the federal nuclear waste liabilities since the consortium took over control of Chalk River Laboratories.

National Observer: Kebaowek First Nation brings radioactive waste fight to Parliament Hill

February 14th 2024

Please subscribe to the National Observer using this link, to support the excellent investigative journalism of Natasha Bulowski and Matteo Cimellaro on the Chalk River nuclear waste.

By Natasha Bulowski & Matteo Cimellaro | NewsPoliticsUrban Indigenous Communities in Ottawa | 

Over 100 people gathered on Parliament Hill to protest a radioactive waste facility. Kitigan Zibi Chief Dylan Whiteduck holds a sign that reads, “Protect the Ottawa River from nuclear waste.” Photo by Natasha BulowskiListen to article

Kebaowek First Nation and opponents of a recently approved radioactive waste disposal facility took the fight to Parliament Hill on Wednesday with a peaceful rally urging the federal government to stop the project.

“We stand united in safeguarding the well-being of our shared environment and the fundamental right of all Canadians to access clean and uncontaminated drinking water,” said Kebaowek Chief Lance Haymond at a morning news conference.

Shortly after, more than 100 people rallied at the Centennial Flame on Parliament Hill to oppose the project, which would hold up to one million cubic metres of radioactive waste about one kilometre from the Ottawa River.

Following the rally, Algonquin leaders watched question period from the gallery where Bloc Québécois Leader Yves-François Blanchet pressed Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on the waste facility.

Kebaowek is officially challenging the decision by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) to greenlight construction of the “near-surface disposal facility” (NSDF) on the basis that the commission did not secure the First Nation’s free, prior and informed consent during the licensing process, as required by the United Nations Declaration Act. A second legal challenge launched by three groups argued the CNSC failed to consider a range of evidence about the project design and the radioactive waste it would take. A handful of nuclear industry veterans warn some of the waste slated for disposal is a “mishmash” that contains unacceptably long-lived radioactivity, as reported by Canada’s National Observer.

“The NSDF is the wrong technology in the wrong place,” said Ole Hendrickson, representing the three groups. “What a terrible precedent for future radioactive waste facilities.”

Haymond came to Ottawa “to ask the current federal government, nation to nation, to step in and stop the nonsense decision made by the CNSC.” At the press conference, he was flanked by Indigenous leaders and MPs from the Bloc Québécois and the Green Party.

This is a “golden opportunity” for Trudeau to prove that UNDRIP (the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples) is more than just a piece of paper, said Haymond.

“I grew up watching The Simpsons and we’re going to have a situation potentially of three-eyed fish,” said Kitigan Zibi Chief Dylan Whiteduck, referring to the mutated orange fish found in ponds outside the nuclear power plant in the TV show. A big concern for opponents is the project’s proximity to the Algonquin’s sacred Kichi Sibi (Ottawa River) and the release of contaminants over time, both planned and unplanned, depending on how the containment mound holds up.

Opponents of a recently approved radioactive waste disposal facility took the fight to Parliament Hill on Wednesday with a peaceful rally urging the federal government to stop the project.

Whiteduck said “this whole process and the fact that Canadians are just allowing this to happen” is “mind boggling.”

“Accountability has to be on this government,” he added.

Whiteduck said Kitigan Zibi and other Algonquin First Nations will not join Kebaowek and act as intervenors in the legal case. Instead, he and other Algonquin chiefs will follow Haymond’s lead and fully support Kebaowek First Nation.

“It’s very important that we support him because we want to put a united front of all the Algonquin communities,” Henry Rogers, chief of Long Point First Nation, told Canada’s National Observer. Rogers is one of six other Algonquin chiefs and leaders who joined Haymond at the press conference and rally.

Sébastien Lemire, local MP and the BQ spokesperson for Indigenous relations, wants to see ministerial intervention. He reiterated the Bloc’s long-standing opposition to the project and said his party “unequivocally supports” Kebaowek’s legal challenge.

Haymond is “very disappointed” Energy and Natural Resources Minister Jonathan Wilkinson, Environment Minister Steven Guilbeault and the prime minister have not directly responded. Specifically, he asked Guilbeault to withhold a permit that would let Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL) destroy habitat for species at risk until Kebaowek’s legal challenge moves through the court.

Kebaowek First Nation Chief Lance Haymond at a press conference in Ottawa on Feb. 14, 2023. Photo by Natasha Bulowski

At the time of publication, Guilbeault had not responded to Haymond’s request and did not directly answer Canada’s National Observer’s question about the permit issue at a press conference later that day.

Instead, Guilbeault pointed to the CNSC, which manages all impact assessments for nuclear projects, as well as Natural Resources Canada.

In an email, a spokesperson for Wilkinson said the ministry has no comment on the two judicial review applications and awaits the decisions of the court.

The minister “has no role in CNSC’s licensing decisions,” it reads, adding that the CNSC is an independent, quasi-judicial body that makes science-based decisions.

The federal government hasn’t taken a position, “but indirectly they have because they delegated their responsibilities and authority to the CNSC, who, in our opinion, have muffed up the decision,” said Haymond. Kebaowek is asking federal ministers to recognize there were errors and intervene to make the necessary adjustments and corrections.

“It’s playing environmental Russian roulette by threatening present and future generations,” Bloc MP Monique Pauzé said in French in a party press release.

Haymond and the three organizations behind the second legal challenge also want the International Atomic Energy Agency to undertake a thorough review of the NSDF and CNL’s waste management systems.

According to CNL, the estimated bill to construct and operate the NSDF is $750 million and Canadian taxpayers would fund it, said Hendrickson.

“The government of Canada owns the waste. It must take responsibility and not leave matters in the hands of profit-seeking private sector corporations,” he said at the press conference. As Green Party Leader Elizabeth May pointed out, CNL is owned by a consortium of three multinational companies including AtkinsRealis, formerly SNC-Lavalin, and two Texas-based companies, Fluor and Jacobs.

CNL was created by Crown corporation Atomic Energy of Canada Limited in 2015 and sold to the consortium. CNL is contracted to run day-to-day operations at federal nuclear sites and is responsible for obtaining licensing permits under this government-owned contractor-operated model.

“We keep coming up against examples of where [the] United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples is celebrated by Liberals until it gets in the way of a decision they’ve already made,” said May.

“We really need to … take a stand here,” said May. “The primary jurisdiction and sovereignty here is that of the Algonquin and Anishinaabe First Nations.”

Matteo Cimellaro & Natasha Bulowski / Local Journalism Initiative / Canada’s National Observer